Finding a toy wholesaler is easy. Finding a reliable supplier offering the right product at a genuinely competitive wholesale rate is much more difficult.
Two sellers may display an identical-looking toy but quote completely different prices. In some cases, the price difference comes from the order quantity. In others, it reflects plastic quality, packaging, product size, electronic components, transport charges or whether GST is included.
This is why serious retailers should not select a supplier only by looking at the lowest price.
A good wholesale toy market allows buyers to compare products, inspect samples, understand carton quantities and negotiate directly with multiple suppliers. It also gives traders a clearer picture of which products are selling, which designs are becoming outdated and what price range is realistic for a particular quality level.
India has several established toy-trading districts serving retailers, gift shops, stationery stores, online sellers, distributors and regional wholesalers. Some markets specialise in low-cost plastic toys, while others are better for battery-operated toys, return gifts, educational products, soft toys or traditional wooden toys.

This guide from Wholesale-Rates.com covers the major toy-sourcing hubs in India and explains what buyers can purchase, what rates they should compare and what additional costs they should calculate before confirming an order.
India’s Toy Trade at a Glance
- Consumer base: India has a population of more than 140 crore, creating a substantial market for toys, games, school products, return gifts and children’s merchandise.
- Toy market value: Industry estimates valued the Indian toy market at approximately US$2.09 billion in 2025, with continued growth expected over the coming years.
- Exports: India’s exports across major toy-related categories increased considerably between 2017–18 and 2025–26.
- Major sourcing hubs: Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Hyderabad, Chennai and Bengaluru contain some of India’s busiest commercial toy markets.
- Traditional toy clusters: Channapatna, Kondapalli and Etikoppaka are important production centres for handcrafted wooden toys.
- Number of sellers: There is no official count of toy wholesalers operating in India. Major wholesale districts contain hundreds of general-merchandise, gift and toy businesses, while numerous smaller suppliers operate through regional markets and manufacturing clusters.
- Wholesale formats: Products may be sold by dozen, inner box, mixed carton, master carton or complete design assortment.
- Price variation: Wholesale toy prices can vary according to product quality, material, size, packaging, order quantity, branding, certification status and transportation distance.
Market timing note: Timings mentioned in this guide are indicative. Individual shops may follow different weekly holidays or festival schedules. Contact shortlisted sellers before travelling.
How Wholesale Toy Prices Are Calculated
The quoted unit price is only one part of the actual purchase cost.
Before comparing suppliers in a wholesale toy market, calculate the complete landed cost of the product.
Basic Landed-Cost Formula
Landed cost per toy = Product cost + GST + packing + loading + transportation + expected damage or replacement cost
For example, a toy quoted at ₹80 may appear cheaper than a product quoted at ₹88. However, the first seller may charge separately for GST, carton packing and transport, while the second may include local delivery and replacement support.
After calculating all expenses, the ₹88 product may be the better purchase.
Buyers should also consider:
- Minimum order quantity
- Number of pieces in each carton
- Mixed-design availability
- Product weight and carton volume
- Breakage rate
- Battery requirements
- Packaging quality
- Repeat availability
- Replacement conditions
- Suggested retail price
- Expected retailer margin
A good wholesale rate is one that allows you to sell the product profitably without compromising safety, quality or customer satisfaction.
Best Wholesale Toy Markets by Product Category
| Product category | Recommended market |
|---|---|
| Low-cost plastic toys | Sadar Bazaar, Burrabazar and Begum Bazaar |
| Battery-operated toys | Sadar Bazaar and Abdul Rehman Street |
| Return gifts and party toys | Begum Bazaar, Parry’s Corner and Chickpet |
| Educational toys and puzzles | Abdul Rehman Street, Sadar Bazaar and Parry’s Corner |
| Soft toys | Begum Bazaar and Abdul Rehman Street |
| Sports and outdoor toys | Chickpet, Parry’s Corner and Sadar Bazaar |
| Traditional wooden toys | Channapatna, Kondapalli and Etikoppaka |
| Craft and eco-friendly toys | Channapatna and Etikoppaka |
Plastic and Battery-Operated Toy Wholesale Markets
1. Sadar Bazaar Toy Market, Delhi
Sadar Bazaar is one of India’s best-known general wholesale districts and an important sourcing centre for toys, gifts, stationery, household goods and festival products.
Toy wholesalers are concentrated around Teliwara, Gandhi Market and the surrounding commercial lanes. The market supplies retailers from Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan, Punjab and several other regions.

Unique Characteristics
Sadar Bazaar is known for its enormous product variety and competitive bulk rates.
Retailers can compare dozens of suppliers selling similar products within a relatively small area. This makes it useful for understanding the prevailing market rate before placing a large order.
Products to Buy
- Plastic cars and vehicles
- Pull-back toys
- Battery-operated animals
- Musical toys
- Dolls and kitchen sets
- Bubble guns
- Building blocks
- Toy weapons
- Board games
- Return gifts
- Festival and seasonal toys
What Visitors Can Expect
The market is densely crowded and many shops display only sample pieces. Additional stock may be kept in upstairs rooms or separate warehouses.
Ask the seller to show the complete carton, not only the counter sample. Packaging and product quality may differ between batches.
Wholesale Rate Comparison Tips
Request separate quotations for:
- One dozen
- One inner box
- One master carton
- Three or more cartons
- Mixed and single-design cartons
A toy quoted at ₹60 per piece may become ₹52 when purchased as a master carton. However, check whether the master carton contains assorted colours or large quantities of an unpopular design.
Bargaining Tips
Begin by asking for the regular wholesale rate. Then disclose your expected quantity and request the final bulk rate.
Do not negotiate only on the unit price. Ask whether GST, packing, loading and local transport are included.
Open Days and Timings
- Days: Monday to Saturday
- Approximate timings: 10:30 AM to 7:30 PM
- Common weekly closure: Sunday
Location Guide
Tis Hazari and Pul Bangash are useful metro stations for reaching the market.
View Sadar Bazaar Toy Market on Google Maps
2. Abdul Rehman Street and Masjid Bunder Toy Market, Mumbai
The Abdul Rehman Street, Masjid Bunder and Crawford Market area is an established sourcing belt for toys, stationery, gifts, party products and imported-style novelties.
It is particularly useful for retailers looking for products that are visually attractive, giftable and suitable for online selling.
Unique Characteristics
The area offers a strong combination of toys, stationery, activity kits and return gifts.
Many sellers operate from compact street-level shops but hold larger stocks in upper-floor godowns or nearby warehouses.
Products to Buy
- Educational kits
- Building blocks
- Die-cast cars
- Dolls
- Soft toys
- Board games
- Craft kits
- Sensory toys
- Electronic toys
- Birthday-return gifts
- Character merchandise
What Visitors Can Expect
Buyers should expect closely packed commercial lanes and shops that may be difficult to locate without a complete address.
Save the shop name, building name, floor, shop number and telephone number before visiting.
Wholesale Rate Comparison Tips
Ask whether the products are:
- Manufactured in India
- Imported
- Branded
- Unbranded
- Clearance stock
- Discontinued stock
- Regularly available
Clearance products may be available at attractive wholesale rates, but they may not be restocked. This can create problems for online sellers who need repeat inventory.
Bargaining Tips
Show the seller a consolidated purchase list rather than negotiating every item separately.
A supplier may offer a stronger overall rate when the order includes several product categories.
Open Days and Timings
- Days: Monday to Saturday
- Approximate timings: 10:30 AM to 8 PM
- Common weekly closure: Sunday
Location Guide
Masjid railway station is a convenient access point.
View Abdul Rehman Street Toy Market on Google Maps
3. Burrabazar and Bagree Market, Kolkata
Burrabazar is one of eastern India’s most important wholesale trading districts.
Toy and general-merchandise suppliers can be found around Canning Street, Bagree Market, Portuguese Church Street, Amartalla Street and the adjoining lanes.
The market serves retailers from West Bengal, Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha and the northeastern states.
Unique Characteristics
Burrabazar is particularly suitable for economy toys, festival products, mixed cartons and outstation dispatch.
Many sellers are experienced in arranging transport for buyers located outside Kolkata.
Products to Buy
- Plastic cars
- Dolls
- Small board games
- Party favours
- Return gifts
- Festival toys
- Fancy items
- Wind-up toys
- Small electronic products
- Low-cost counter toys
What Visitors Can Expect
The market contains old commercial buildings and several similar-looking lanes.
First-time visitors should not depend only on a shop name. Keep the complete address and use nearby landmarks.
Wholesale Rate Comparison Tips
Ask every seller to quote on the same basis.
For example, do not compare one seller’s rate for 12 pieces with another seller’s rate for a carton containing 144 pieces.
Confirm:
- Pieces per inner box
- Inner boxes per carton
- GST inclusion
- Packing charges
- Loading charges
- Transport cost
- Damage replacement
Bargaining Tips
For outstation purchases, negotiate the combined value of the entire order.
Sellers may be more willing to reduce rates when several cartons are being dispatched together.
Open Days and Timings
- Days: Monday to Saturday
- Approximate timings: 10 AM to 8 PM
- Common weekly closure: Sunday
Location Guide
MG Road and Central Metro are useful access points.
View Bagree Market and Canning Street on Google Maps
Return Gifts, Soft Toys and Mixed Toy Markets
4. Begum Bazaar and Aziz Plaza, Hyderabad
Begum Bazaar is one of Hyderabad’s largest traditional commercial markets.
Aziz Plaza, Feelkhana and the surrounding commercial complexes contain wholesalers dealing in toys, soft toys, gifts, stationery, balloons, decorations and return-gift products.
Unique Characteristics
Begum Bazaar is useful for retailers who want to combine several product categories within one purchase.
A gift shop, for example, can source toys, party decorations, plastic products and small household gifts during the same visit.
Products to Buy
- Soft toys
- Dolls
- Infant toys
- Plastic cars
- Return gifts
- Birthday decorations
- Balloons
- Educational kits
- Novelty toys
- Small gift sets
What Visitors Can Expect
Shops may contain hundreds of products arranged across shelves, ceilings and upper storage areas.
Ask for recently arrived products and current wholesale catalogues rather than selecting only from the front display.
Wholesale Rate Comparison Tips
For soft toys, compare:
- Toy height
- Filling quality
- Fabric texture
- Stitching
- Eye and nose attachment
- Washability
- Packaging
- Pieces per bag or carton
A 12-inch soft toy from one seller may not be comparable to another product described as the same size.
Bargaining Tips
Calculate the final rate after including GST, packing and transport.
Soft toys occupy more space than their weight suggests, so transportation can significantly increase the landed cost.
Open Days and Timings
- Days: Monday to Saturday
- Approximate timings: 10 AM to 8 PM
- Weekly closure: Varies between shops
Location Guide
Afzal Gunj, MGBS and Osmania General Hospital are useful landmarks.
View Aziz Plaza, Begum Bazaar on Google Maps
5. Parry’s Corner and George Town Toy Market, Chennai
George Town and Parry’s Corner form Chennai’s historic wholesale district.
Toy, sports, stationery and gift suppliers operate around NSC Bose Road, Bunder Street, Devaraja Mudali Street and the adjoining Sowcarpet lanes.
Unique Characteristics
The district allows retailers to purchase toys alongside school products, sports goods, party supplies and packaging materials.
It is a convenient sourcing centre for buyers from Chennai and other parts of Tamil Nadu.
Products to Buy
- Plastic toys
- Puzzles
- Board games
- Dolls
- Sports sets
- Activity products
- School toys
- Return gifts
- Small electronic toys
- Outdoor play products
What Visitors Can Expect
Several businesses are located on upper floors inside older buildings.
Carry the complete address and contact the supplier when you reach the nearest landmark.
Wholesale Rate Comparison Tips
Educational toys should be compared according to:
- Age group
- Number of components
- Product size
- Material
- Language
- Packaging
- Brand
- Replacement support
A cheaper puzzle may contain thinner pieces or less durable printing.
Bargaining Tips
Ask for branded, mid-range and economy alternatives.
Comparing three quality levels will help you identify which product best suits your customers and intended retail price.
Open Days and Timings
- Days: Monday to Saturday
- Approximate timings: 10 AM to 8 PM
- Common weekly closure: Sunday
Location Guide
High Court Metro, Chennai Beach railway station and Broadway bus terminus are convenient access points.
View Parry’s Corner Toy Market on Google Maps
6. Chickpet and Kumbarpet Toy Market, Bengaluru
Chickpet is one of Bengaluru’s oldest commercial districts.
Toy and sports-goods suppliers can be found around Kumbarpet Road, PS Lane, BVK Iyengar Road and the wider Chickpet–Avenue Road trading area.
Unique Characteristics
The market is suitable for Bengaluru-based retailers who want to source toys, bags, stationery, party supplies and general merchandise during the same trip.
Products to Buy
- Plastic toys
- Balls
- Sports sets
- Puzzles
- Dolls
- Small ride-on toys
- Return gifts
- Birthday products
- School accessories
- Outdoor toys
What Visitors Can Expect
The area is crowded and parking is limited.
Large quantities may be supplied from a warehouse rather than the shop itself, so confirm how long the seller will need to prepare the order.
Wholesale Rate Comparison Tips
Identical-looking toys may differ in:
- Plastic thickness
- Wheel quality
- Colour finishing
- Mechanical movement
- Product weight
- Packaging
- Accessories
Physically compare the samples before choosing the lowest quotation.
Bargaining Tips
Visit at least three suppliers before confirming a bulk purchase.
Tell sellers that you are comparing rates, but remain polite. Wholesale relationships can become valuable when you require regular restocking.
Open Days and Timings
- Days: Monday to Saturday
- Approximate timings: 10 AM to 8 PM
- Sunday: Some retail shops open, but wholesale availability varies
Location Guide
Chickpet Metro is the most convenient public-transport option.
View Kumbarpet–Chickpet Toy Market on Google Maps
Wooden and Traditional Toy Manufacturing Clusters
7. Channapatna Wooden Toy Market, Karnataka
Channapatna is one of India’s most recognised wooden-toy manufacturing clusters.
Instead of one enclosed wholesale toy market, the town contains artisan workshops, small factories, roadside showrooms and direct-purchase units.
Unique Characteristics
Channapatna toys are known for turned wood, smooth shapes, colourful lacquer work and distinctive handcrafted designs.
Some manufacturers now produce Montessori-style toys and contemporary learning products for domestic and export markets.
Products to Buy
- Wooden rattles
- Stacking rings
- Spinning tops
- Pull-along toys
- Puzzles
- Kitchen sets
- Learning aids
- Desk products
- Corporate gifts
- Decorative toys
What Visitors Can Expect
Retail showrooms and manufacturing units may quote different rates.
Tourist-facing stores usually offer smaller quantities, while manufacturers may provide better prices for bulk and repeat orders.
Wholesale Rate Comparison Tips
Compare quotations according to:
- Wood type
- Toy dimensions
- Paint or lacquer finish
- Number of colours
- Packaging
- Customisation
- Order quantity
- Delivery period
Handcrafted products should not be evaluated only by the cheapest unit rate.
Bargaining Tips
Request price slabs for 50, 100, 250 and 500 pieces.
For customised products, ask whether the sampling, design and packaging charges are included.
Open Days and Timings
- Days: Usually Monday to Saturday
- Approximate timings: 9:30 AM to 6:30 PM
- Recommendation: Confirm an appointment with the manufacturer
Location Guide
Channapatna is situated on the Bengaluru–Mysuru corridor.
View Channapatna Toy Cluster on Google Maps
8. Kondapalli Bommala Colony, Andhra Pradesh
Kondapalli, near Vijayawada, is known for its traditional hand-carved wooden figures called Kondapalli Bommalu.
Bommala Colony contains craft families, workshops, cooperatives and handicraft sellers.
Unique Characteristics
Kondapalli toys commonly depict mythology, animals, village occupations, rural life and ceremonial scenes.
These products are particularly suitable for handicraft stores, cultural gift shops, museum shops and home-decor retailers.
Products to Buy
- Village sets
- Bullock carts
- Animals and birds
- Musicians
- Deity figures
- Ambari elephants
- Dasavatara sets
- Decorative tableaux
- Traditional occupation sets
What Visitors Can Expect
The production process is labour-intensive. Large orders may require several weeks, particularly when multiple designs are involved.
Minor variation in colour and facial details is normal in handcrafted products.
Wholesale Rate Comparison Tips
Ask whether the quotation includes:
- Individual packing
- Inner boxes
- Outer cartons
- Cushioning
- Transportation
- Design customisation
- Labelling
- GST
Fragile products may have a low workshop rate but a higher final cost after protective packaging.
Bargaining Tips
Negotiate according to design complexity and quantity.
Approve a physical sample or clear product photographs before confirming a customised order.
Open Days and Timings
- Days: Workshops generally operate Monday to Saturday
- Approximate timings: 9 AM to 6 PM
- Recommendation: Arrange an appointment in advance
Location Guide
Kondapalli is accessible from Vijayawada by road and local train.
View Kondapalli Bommala Colony on Google Maps
9. Etikoppaka Lacquer Toy Cluster, Andhra Pradesh
Etikoppaka in Anakapalli district is known for colourful turned-wood toys finished with lacquer and traditional colour processes.
Like Channapatna and Kondapalli, Etikoppaka is a manufacturing village rather than a conventional city toy market.
Unique Characteristics
Etikoppaka products are suitable for retailers focusing on Indian crafts, sustainable products, decorative toys and eco-conscious gifting.
Products to Buy
- Wooden rattles
- Spinning tops
- Dolls
- Animal figures
- Learning toys
- Decorative containers
- Gift sets
- Traditional play products
What Visitors Can Expect
Packaging and labelling may be less standardised than those supplied by large urban wholesalers.
Buyers planning to sell through organised retail or online marketplaces should discuss barcodes, product labels, cushioning and outer cartons.
Wholesale Rate Comparison Tips
Request rates for:
- Standard designs
- Custom colour combinations
- Individual boxes
- Gift sets
- Bulk loose packing
- Branded packaging
The cheapest loose-packed rate may not be suitable when individual retail packaging is required.
Bargaining Tips
Ask for different price slabs and clarify production lead time.
Inspect the smoothness, finishing, loose components and consistency of the product before placing a large order.
Open Days and Timings
- Days: Usually Monday to Saturday
- Approximate timings: Daytime workshop hours
- Recommendation: Contact artisans or suppliers before travelling
Location Guide
Etikoppaka is accessible from the Visakhapatnam–Anakapalli region.
View Etikoppaka Toy Village on Google Maps
How to Compare Toy Wholesale Rates Properly
A supplier comparison sheet can prevent confusion when visiting a large market.
Record the following details for every shortlisted product:
| Comparison factor | Details to record |
|---|---|
| Product name | Exact toy and model |
| Product size | Length, height or dimensions |
| Order quantity | Pieces, dozens or cartons |
| Unit price | Basic price per piece |
| GST | Included or additional |
| Packing | Included or charged separately |
| Transportation | Supplier delivery or buyer-arranged |
| Pieces per carton | Complete carton quantity |
| Mixed designs | Available or unavailable |
| Replacement | Terms for defective products |
| BIS details | Standard Mark and licence information |
| Repeat supply | Regular, seasonal or clearance |
| Expected retail price | Realistic selling rate |
| Gross margin | Retail price minus landed cost |
This method provides a much more accurate comparison than remembering verbal quotations.
Check BIS Compliance Before Purchasing Toys
Toys sold in India are subject to compulsory quality and safety requirements.
Before purchasing from a wholesale toy market, check the applicable BIS Standard Mark and licence information on the product or packaging.
What Buyers Should Check
- BIS Standard Mark
- Licence number
- Manufacturer or importer name
- Complete address
- Age grading
- Safety warnings
- Battery instructions
- Small-parts warning
- MRP and packaging information
- Proper GST invoice
Do not assume that every product available in a large market is compliant.
Retailers are the final link between suppliers and consumers. Stocking an unsafe or incorrectly labelled toy may lead to customer complaints, returns and regulatory complications.
Practical Bargaining Tips for Wholesale Toy Buyers
- Do Your Research: Prepare a product list before visiting the market. Record the required age group, product type, target cost, quantity and intended retail price.
- Research Average Prices: Compare indicative rates through several wholesalers and B2B sources. This gives you a realistic bargaining range and helps identify unusually high or suspiciously low quotations.
- Start Low: Begin below your maximum buying price while keeping the offer reasonable. Leave room for both sides to reach an acceptable rate.
- Be Polite and Friendly: Wholesale markets operate through relationships and repeat business. A respectful buyer may receive better information about new stock, mixed cartons and forthcoming designs.
- Visit Multiple Vendors: Compare at least three sellers offering similar products. Examine quality, packaging, carton quantity and replacement support before comparing rates.
- Consider Transportation: Large plastic toys and soft toys occupy substantial space. Calculate transportation according to carton volume, not only product weight.
- Go Early: Morning visits allow more time for product comparison and stock verification. Markets become crowded later, while parking and loading can become difficult.
- Payment Options: Many sellers accept UPI and bank transfers. Some may prefer cash, especially for loading or small purchases. Card acceptance is less reliable.
- Wholesale Purchase: Negotiate according to the complete order quantity. Asking for a wholesale rate on one or two pieces may not receive serious attention from the seller.
Mistakes That Increase Your Toy Sourcing Cost
The lowest quoted rate can become the most expensive purchase when defects and unsold stock are considered.
Avoid these common mistakes:
- Comparing toys of different sizes or quality
- Ignoring the number of pieces per carton
- Purchasing without checking BIS information
- Approving only one display sample
- Ignoring GST and transport charges
- Overstocking trend-based products
- Purchasing copied character merchandise
- Failing to test battery-operated toys
- Ignoring replacement conditions
- Accepting weak or damaged packaging
- Buying large toys without calculating storage space
- Purchasing clearance stock without checking repeat availability
A controlled test order is usually safer than committing to a large quantity of an unfamiliar product.
Which Wholesale Toy Market Should You Choose?
Choose the market according to your product category and business model.
- Sadar Bazaar: Best for broad variety, competitive rates and general toys.
- Abdul Rehman Street: Suitable for gifts, activity products and trend-led merchandise.
- Burrabazar: Strong for economy products and outstation supply.
- Begum Bazaar: Useful for soft toys, return gifts and mixed-category buying.
- Parry’s Corner: Convenient for toys, stationery and sports goods in South India.
- Chickpet: Suitable for Bengaluru retailers seeking mixed wholesale merchandise.
- Channapatna: Best for lacquered wooden toys and educational products.
- Kondapalli: Suitable for cultural figures and traditional decorative toys.
- Etikoppaka: Useful for handcrafted, eco-friendly and Indian-design products.
Frequently Asked Questions
Which is the largest wholesale toy market in India?
There is no official national ranking. Sadar Bazaar in Delhi is, however, one of India’s largest general wholesale districts and contains a substantial concentration of toy and gift wholesalers.
Where can I purchase toys at the cheapest wholesale rates?
Sadar Bazaar, Burrabazar and Begum Bazaar are known for economy products. The cheapest final rate will depend on order quantity, quality, GST, packing and transportation.
Can small retailers purchase from toy wholesalers?
Yes. Many suppliers sell by dozen, inner box or mixed carton. The best wholesale prices normally apply to master-carton or multi-carton purchases.
How much margin can retailers earn on toys?
Retail margins vary considerably. Basic toys may offer moderate margins but faster turnover, while gifts, educational kits and craft toys may support higher margins. Always calculate margin using the complete landed cost.
Where can I buy wooden toys at wholesale rates?
Channapatna, Kondapalli and Etikoppaka are established wooden-toy clusters. Their products differ in design, production technique and intended market.
Do wholesalers replace defective toys?
Replacement policies vary. Some sellers replace manufacturing defects within a specified period, while others sell particular products without replacement. Obtain the conditions in writing.
Do toy wholesalers provide transportation?
Many suppliers arrange local delivery, courier, railway parcel or commercial transport. Confirm freight, dispatch time, insurance and responsibility for transit damage.
Are toys sold in wholesale markets always BIS certified?
Compliance should never be assumed. Inspect the product, packaging, BIS Standard Mark, licence details, manufacturer information and invoice before purchasing.
Final Word
A wholesale market visit should help you identify the right buying rate, not simply the lowest quotation.
The best wholesale toy market for your business will depend on your location, customer profile, order size and product category. Delhi and Kolkata are strong for large-scale general sourcing, while Mumbai, Hyderabad, Chennai and Bengaluru provide useful regional options. Traditional clusters such as Channapatna, Kondapalli and Etikoppaka are better suited to craft and wooden-toy buyers.
Before confirming an order, calculate the complete landed cost. Compare the same quantity and quality. Inspect random samples, verify compliance and record replacement terms.
Wholesale-Rates.com recommends beginning with a test purchase whenever you are dealing with a new toy, supplier or market.
A slightly higher wholesale rate from a dependable supplier can generate better profits than a cheaper product that results in breakage, returns and unsold inventory.



